ANALOG PROXIMITY SENSOR FOR ARDUINO



In a previous section I discussed about digital proximity sensor using opamp.But for high performance line follower robote we need analog sensor for better calculation on program and it will help to build a high performance line follower robote.
It's so simple that only need few components. and the rest of the part is done by microcontroller(generally Arduino) and the program .
COMPONENTS
1)Photo diode
2)IR led
3)R1-1k ohm
4)R2-150k ohm
Here the photo diode is connecting in reverse baise.ir led in forward bias with resistance 1k to reduce the voltage .and the photo diode is connected to ground through 150K resister .the output is taken between R2 and photo diode .The output voltage can adjust by changing the R2 .Here we put 150k ohm to get maximum output voltage variation for white and black surface .By adjusting the R2 we can change the output voltage level. by no.of experiments I found 150 kohm can provide maximum output voltage for this circuit.The output of the circuit can connect to analog input of the microcontroller.
 

                                                   LED CUBE

Hi Friends .just think about led's .led s are amaizing if we use perfectly.lets make led cubes we can make 2*2*2 ,3*3*3,4*4*4.......etc.we can controland add effects on led cubes by using arduino,8051.. etc.but we need to know how to make led cubes .here iam going to explain how to make 2*2*2,3*3*3 led cubes from this you can understand how to make higher cubes.i prefer arduino for controlling led .because it is very simple to use and code .i will discus the cording parts in next post

1 -2*2*2

components

1-8 led

2-resisters to decreas voltage  

    the circuit is shown below

       

                      SOUND SENSOR FOR ARDUINO

 

Hii friends today we are going to make a simple sound sensor module for arduino .It can also used singly for other projects or in combined with microcontroller s.The main combonent is ICNE555,electric MIC

COMPONENTS LIST

1)R1-10k

2)R2-1M

3)R3-15k

4)R4-1k

5)R5-100 ohm

6)C1,C3-1000pf

7)C2-10uf

8)Q1-BC547

9)U1-ICNE555

10)MIC

CIRCUIT

 CIRCUIT LAYOUT

SENSOR FOR LINE FOLLOWER ROBOTE

       SENSOR FOR LINE FOLLOWER ROBOT

Haiii friends lets think about a line following robot.The important part of a line following robot is the sensor.no of sensors are avilable in online and offline market but its costly here we are making very simbl sensor but very high sensing capacity.

we need some simbl components

1-IC LM358

2-RESISTER,100ohm,10k

3-preset-10k

4-led

5-IR LED

6--IR RECIVER(PHOTO DIODE)

The circuit shown below .next time iam come with LINE FOLLOWING ROBOT

SIMPLE MUSIC GENERATOR

            HOW TO MAKE A SIMPLE MUSIC GENERATOR
It is very simple to make a music generator.We want only few components for making
music.
1-Function generator
2-amplifire
3-speaker
4-voltage source
Here we are using the most basic function generator IC UM66.This generator can make
some basic music signal which is connected to a amplifire through a resister 220 ohm
.Here we use the basic amplifire TRANSISTOR BC548.The out pin (_) of ic is connected
base of the transistor and the amplified signal is taken from collector and connected
to speaker.
COMPONENTS
1-IC UM66
2-TRANSISTOR BC548
3-RESISTOR 220 ohm
4-speaker
5-BATTERY 3V

                          ALARM
How to make an alarm using mainly 2  ic NE555 .the sound can be varied by changing capacitor C1.
COMPONENTS
1-ICNE555*2
2-RESISTER 10K*3
3-RESISTER 1K
4-RESISTER 6.8K
5-CAPACITOR .047uf
6-CAPACITOR 100uf*2
7-CAPACITOR 10uf*2
8-SPEAKER
9-9V BATTERY

                       CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

                           PCB LAY OUT

   Check the video VIDEO TUTORIAL

DUAL LED FLASHER

                  DUAL LED FLASHER.

Haii friends let make a simple dual led flasher using simple components and each transister can drive 3-6 led. This circuit is very very simple let's make it
COMPONENTS
1-470ohm*2
2-6.8k*2
3-47uf *2 capacitor
4-BC548*2 TRANSISTOR
5-LED*2